Ancient and Early History

The region that now forms Pathanamthitta was part of ancient South Indian Tamilakam and later the early Chera dynasty. Archaeological evidence, temple inscriptions, and oral traditions indicate that human settlements existed here from early historic periods, supported by fertile river basins such as the Pamba, Achankovil, and Manimala.Ancient trade routes passed through forest paths connecting the Western Ghats to coastal ports, facilitating spice trade and cultural exchange.

Sabarimala Temple, dedicated to Lord Ayyappa, is believed to have origins dating back centuries, rooted in mythology and early tribal worship.
Ancient temples like Kaviyoor Mahadeva Temple, Malayalapuzha Devi Temple, Sree Vallabha Temple, and Aranmula Parthasarathy Temple reflect the early spread of Shaivism, Vaishnavism, and Shakti worship.
The Pandalam royal family played a crucial role in the administration and protection of Sabarimala and surrounding temple lands. According to tradition, Lord Ayyappa was adopted by the Pandalam king, strengthening the temple’s royal connection.Aranmula flourished as a cultural and agrarian center, known for Vedic learning, temple arts, and traditional craftsmanship, including the famous Aranmula Kannadi.